Move or Copy Files at Will

Intuitively, when you drag a file from one place to another, it would seem reasonable that the file will be moved, not copied. That is, when you see an object disappear from a location, it shouldn't still be there next time you look. One of the worst inconsistencies in Windows is what actually happens to files when they're dragged. Dragging from one place to another on the same disk ends up moving the files, while dragging from one disk to another copies them. If you're just dragging EXE files, a shortcut is created, and the file is neither copied nor moved. The only consistency here is that this same design flaw is duplicated on Macintosh and OS/2. To cope with this, follow the following instructions:

• To copy a file under any situation, hold the Ctrl key while dragging.
• To move a file under any situation, hold the Shift key while dragging.
• To choose what happens to dragged files, drag them with the right mouse-button, and a menu will appear when the files are dropped.

• Note: Notice that the mouse cursor changes depending on the action being taken. A small plus (+) appears when copying, and a curved arrow appears when creating a shortcut.

• Note: There is no way to set the default action when dragging files - a glaring omission.

• Note: A handy and well-designed utility, WinZIP, utilizes the right-drag menu to ZIP and unZIP files (version 6.0 and later).

Copy or Move to Specified Path

To copy or move a file in Windows Explorer, both the source folder and the destination folder must be open and visible to copy files with drag-drop. For some reason, there is no provision for specifying a destination folder to a copy or move a file, making this task next-to impossible without a mouse. To add this functionality, obtain and install the Creative Element Power Tools, and turn on the Copy or Move files anywhere tool.

Display an index all the files on your system

To get an index of all (or a subset thereof) of the files on your system, follow these directions:

Windows Vista:

• Open Windows Explorer, select Computer in the tree, and type *.* in the Search box on the upper-right side of the window.

Windows Me/2000/2003/XP:

• Select Search and then For Files or Folders from the Start Menu, select a drive (or use Local Hard Drives for all drives), and click Search Now without specifying anything in the Named field.

Windows 95/98:

• Select Find and then Files or Folders from the Start Menu, select a drive (or use My Computer for all drives), and click Find Now without specifying anything in the Named field. Note that Windowx 95 and Windows 98 have an arbitrary limit of 10,000 entries, so you may need to limit your search, or upgrade to a newer version of Windows (see below).

After the search:

• You can then sort the results by clicking on the appropriate column heading (useful for finding the largest or most recent file on your system).
• To save the results, you'll need the Copy to Clipboard as Filename utility (one of Microsoft's PowerToys). This allows you to select all the files in the results list, right-click, select Send To and then Clipboard as Filename. You can then paste the listings into a text editor, such as Notepad, for saving and printing.

How do I know if I can delete a specific file?

• Check the date of the file (right-click on it and select Properties) - if it's recent, it's most likely being used.
• If the file is large, and you want to know if you can delete it, try renaming it or moving it to another directory before to see if everything still works before you delete it.
• No, you shouldn't delete WIN386.SWP (your swap file in Win95/98/Me) or PAGEFILE.SYS (your swap file in Windows 2000/2003/XP/Vista).

Downloading Windows Updates

The Windows Update feature can be a convenient way to make sure you have all the latest patches and bug fixes that Microsoft didn't bother including in the boxed version of Windows. However, if you have more than one computer, or you have a slow connection, it can be tedious and quite inconvenient to be forced to download all the files over and over again. Although there's no mention of it on the Windows Update site, Microsoft has made all of the updates available for separate download (for installing later) here:

Make a Duplicate of a File

Windows lets you copy and move files from one folder to another by dragging them with different combinations of keystrokes. You can also rename a file by clicking on its name or pressing F2. However, if you want to make a duplicate of a file in the same directory, with a different name, the process might not be as obvious. Here's how you do it:

On the desktop, or in an open folder window:

• Hold Ctrl, and drag the file from one part of the window to another part of the same window.

In Explorer:

• Explorer won't let you do this, but you can Ctrl-drag a file from the right pane, and drop it on the same folder in the left pane.

In either case:

• You can also use the right mouse button to drag the file from one part of the window to another part of the same window, and select Copy Here.
• The duplicate of a file called, say, MyFile.TXT would be automatically named Copy of MyFile.TXT.
• For keyboard users; press Ctrl-c and then Ctrl-v to create a duplicate of a file using the clipboard.

Duplicate a group of files:

• Obtain and install Power Rename, part of O'Reilly Utilities and Creative Element Power Tools.
• It lets you rename files in a multitude of ways, including making duplicates (renaming without removing the original).

Learn to Explore with Folders

Here are some tips for controlling the way folders and files behave. Although selecting Options from the View menu in My Computer lets you choose whether to open each new folder as a new window or re-use the same window, there is a way to pick-&-choose this behavior on the fly:

• Select Options from the View menu in My Computer, select Custom, and then click Settings.
• From the Browse folders as follows section, choose the option that you want.
• Even though you've chosen one option, you can hold Ctrl while double-clicking folder icons to use the other option.

Other keys that work with either setting:

• Hold Alt while double-clicking on a file or folder to view the Properties window for that object.
• Hold Shift while double-clicking on a folder to open Explorer at that location (careful when using this as Shift is also used to select multiple files).
• Press Backspace in an open folder to go to the parent folder.
• Hold Shift while clicking on the close button (X) to close all open folders.

• A shortcut for choosing a new program to be used with a certain file type is to hold the Shift key while right-clicking on a file, and choosing Open With...

Run a Shortcut from the Command Prompt

Since Shortcuts to applications aren't recognized by DOS, you can't execute them directly. However, there is a way to launch them, either from the prompt, or from a batch file:

• Type the following: start "c:\directory\Shortcut to Someprog.exe.lnk", where c:\directory is the full path containing the shortcut, and Shortcut to Someprog.exe.lnk is the filename of the shortcut.

Print Out a Directory Listing

Although there is no built-in way to print a directory listing (all the filenames in a folder), there is a way to add this functionality to Windows. Here's how you do it:

Solution #1:

• Obtain and install the Copy to Clipboard as Filename utility.
• This allows you to select all the files in a folder, in Explorer, or in the Find window results list, right-click on them, select Send To and then Clipboard as Filename.
• You can then paste the listings into a text editor, such as Notepad, for printing or saving.

A similar tool is also available as part of O'Reilly Utilities and Creative Element Power Tools.

Solution #2:

• Open a text editor, such as Notepad, and type the following lines into a new document: (assuming the printer you wish to use is connected to printer port #1).

CD %1
DIR >LPT1

• Save the two-line file into your Windows\Command folder, and call it PRINTDIR.BAT.
• Find the file in Explorer, right click on it, and select Properties.
• Click on the Program tab, turn on the Close on Exit option, choose Minimized from the Run list, and click Ok.
• Next, run the Registry Editor (REGEDIT.EXE).
• Open My Computer\ HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\ Directory\ shell.
• Select New from the Edit menu, and then select Key.
• Type Print for the name of this new key, and press Enter.
• Highlight the new Print key, select New from the Edit menu, and then select Key again.
• Type command for the name of this new key, and press Enter.
• Double-click on the (default) value in the right pane, and type C:\Windows\Command\PRINTDIR.BAT (assuming that C:\Windows\ is your Windows folder).
• From now on, when you right-click on a folder icon, you can click Print to print its contents.

• Note: this assumes that your printer is connected to the LPT1 port, which is true for most users. However, if your printer is connected over a network or you have more than one printer, you need to change LPT1 to the correct port.

Sort by Extension in Explorer

In Windows Explorer, files are classified by their File Type, which is one step beyond the file extension. However, there are circumstances where it is advantageous to sort by file extension, and not file type. While sorting by file type and extension yield similar results, they are not identical. A temporary, although impractical solution to this limitation is to rename all your file types to mirror the extension names (such as *.TXT = "TXT file," *.WPD = "WPD file). As of yet, there is no way to sort the files in Explorer by the actual extension.

Set Defaults in Explorer

The single most commonly reported annoyance with Windows 95 when it was released, was its inability to set defaults for new explorer windows (or file folders), such as size, position, sort order, and display type (large icons, details, etc.). In Explorer, unless the window had been opened and configured recently, the files are unsorted and displayed as large icons until you manually configure the window. A similar limitation that plagued DOS was fixed 13 years after DOS 1.0 was released - a sign of things to come? Windows 98 and subsequent versions have the following, although I have yet to see it function correctly in any Windows release:

• Open a folder, and configure the sort order, icon size, column widths, etc. to your liking.
• Then, select Folder Options from Explorer's Tools menu (it's in the View menu in Windows 98), and choose the View tab.
• Click Like Current Folder and then click Ok.

Go Directly to Device Manager

The Device Manager is one of Windows' most useful diagnostic tools. It lets you see all of the devices attached to your computer, and which resources they are each using.

Windows 95/98/Me

• You can open Device Manager by double-clicking on the System icon in Control Panel, and choosing the Device Manager tab. It is also accessible by right-clicking on My Computer, selecting Properties, and selecting the Device Manager tab. Getting to the Device Manager this can require up to six mouse clicks, but there is an easier way.

• Open an Explorer window, and select your Start Menu folder (under your Windows directory). It doesn't have to go here, but it's as good a place as any.
• Select New and then Shortcut from the File Menu.
• In the field labelled Command Line, type C:\WINDOWS\CONTROL.EXE Sysdm.cpl, System,1 (replace C:\WINDOWS\ with your Windows directory, if different).
• Click Next, type Device Manager for the name of this shortcut, and press Finish when you're done.
• There will now be a shortcut directly to Device Manager in your Start Menu.

Windows 2000/2003/XP/Vista

• You can open Device Manager by double-clicking on the System icon in Control Panel, choosing the Hardware tab, and clicking Device Manager.

• Fortunately, Device Manager can be more easily run by launching devmgmt.msc - just create a shortcut to the file (as described above), and launch it at any time.

Force Explorer to Start With the Folder You Want

Few things in Windows are more irritating than the way that Explorer always opens in the same folder (C:\ for Windows 95/98, My Documents for Windows Me/2000/XP). If you have an entry in your Start Menu to run Explorer, you can change it to "Explore" at the folder of your choice:

• Open Explorer, and go to your Start Menu folder.
• Find the shortcut for Explorer, right click on it, and select Properties.
• Click on the Shortcut tab, and change the Target so it reads: c:\windows\EXPLORER.EXE /n, /e, d:\myfolder (where c:\windows is your Windows directory, and d:\myfolder is the directory in which you want Explorer to start.)

• Tip: To have Explorer start with My Computer, so no branches are initially expanded, use the following command line options: /n, /e, /select, c:\

  Note: this won't work if you try to start Explorer by right-clicking on the Start Menu (here's why). Just put a shortcut to EXPLORER.EXE in the top level of your Start Menu folder for easy access.

Useful Windows 7 Enhancements

1. Protect your MP3 files

Along with many good new features, the Windows 7 beta also includes a nasty bug. Its version of Windows Media Player 12 will automatically add missing metadata, including album art, and this can overwrite the first few seconds of the file. Oops. Installing an update may fix this (see http://support.microsoft.com/kb/961367) but it would probably be a very good idea to back up your MP3 files, too.

2. Customise UAC

Windows Vista’s User Account Control was a good idea in practice, but poor implementation put many people off - it raised far too many alerts. Fortunately Windows 7 displays less warnings by default, and lets you further fine-tune UAC to suit your preferred balance between security and a pop-up free life (Start > Control Panel > Change User Account Control Settings).

3. Use Sticky Notes

The Sticky Notes app is both simpler and more useful in Windows 7. Launch StikyNot.exe and you can type notes at the keyboard; right-click a note to change its colour; click the + sign on the note title bar to add another note; and click a note and press [Alt]+[4] to close the note windows (your notes will automatically be saved).

4. Open folder in new process

By default Windows 7 opens folders in the same process. This saves system resources, but means one folder crash can bring down the entire shell. If your system seems unstable, or you’re doing something in Explorer that regularly seems to causes crashes, then open Computer, hold down shift, right-click on your drive and select Open in New Process. The folder will now be launched in a separate process, and so a crash is less likely to affect anything else.

5. Watch more videos

Windows Media Player 12 is a powerful program, but it still won’t play all the audio and video files you’ll find online. Fortunately the first freeware Windows 7 codecs package [shark007.net/win7codecs.html] has just been released, and installing it could get your troublesome multimedia files playing again.

6. Preview fonts

Open the Fonts window in Windows XP and Vista and you’ll see the font names, probably with icons to tell you whether they’re TrueType or OpenType, but that’s about it. Feeble, really, but Windows 7 sees some useful font-related improvement.

Open the new fonts window and you’ll find a little preview for every font, giving you a quick idea of how they’re going to look.

The tedium of scrolling through multiple entries for each family, like Times New Roman, Times New Roman Bold, Times New Roman Bold Italic and so on, has finally ended. There’s now just a single entry for each font (though you can still see all other members of the family).

And there’s a new OpenType font, Gabriola, added to the mix. It’s an attractive script font, well worth a try the next time you need a stylish document that stands out from the crowd.

8. Restore your gadgets

Windows 7 has tightened up its security by refusing to run gadgets if UAC has been turned off, so limiting the damage malicious unsigned gadgets can do to your system. If you’ve disabled UAC, miss your gadgets and are happy to accept the security risk, though, there’s an easy Registry way to get everything back to normal. Run REGEDIT, go to HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Sidebar\Settings, create a new DWORD value called AllowElevatedProcess and set it to 1. Your gadgets should start working again right away.

9. New WordPad formats

By default WordPad will save documents in Rich Text Format, just as before. But browse the Save As Format list and you’ll see you can also save (or open, actually) files in the Office 2007 .docx or OpenDocument .odt formats.

10. Protect your data

USB flash drives are convenient, portable, and very easy to lose. Which is a problem, especially if they’re carrying sensitive data. Fortunately Windows 7 has the solution: encrypt your documents with an extension of Microsoft’s BitLocker technology, and only someone with the password will be able to access it. Right-click your USB flash drive, select Turn on BitLocker and follow the instructions to protect your private files.

11. Search everything

Windows 7 can now try to search the contents of just about any file type, useful if it’s not currently finding the data you need. The problem? Searches can be much, much slower. If you’d like to try it anyway, then launch Explorer, click Tools > Folder Options > View and check “Try to search the content of unknown file types”.

12. Configure your favourite music

The Windows 7 Media Centre now comes with an option to play your “favourite music”, which by default creates a changing list of songs based on your ratings, how often you play them, and when they were added (it’s assumed you’ll prefer songs you’ve added in the last 30 days). If this doesn’t work then you can tweak how Media Centre decides what a “favourite” tune is- click Tasks > Settings > Music > Favourite Music and configure the program to suit your needs.

13. Customise System Restore

There was very little you could do to configure System Restore in Vista, but Windows 7 improves the situation with a couple of useful setup options.

Click the Start orb, right-click Computer and select Properties > System Protection > Configure, and set the Max Usage value to a size that suits your needs (larger to hold more restore points, smaller to save disk space).

And if you don’t need System Restore to save Windows settings then choose the “Only restore previous versions of files” option. Windows 7 won’t back up your Registry, which means you’ll squeeze more restore points and file backups into the available disk space. System Restore is much less likely to get an unbootable PC working again, though, so use this trick at your own risk.

14. Run As

Hold down shift, right-click any program shortcut, and you’ll see an option to run the program as a different user, handy if you’re logged in to the kids’ limited account and need to run something with higher privileges. This isn’t really a new feature - Windows XP had a Run As option that did the same thing - but Microsoft stripped it out of Vista, so it’s good to see they’ve had a change of heart.

15. Search privacy

By default Windows 7 will remember your PC search queries, and display the most recent examples when searching in Windows Explorer. If you’re sharing a PC and don’t want everyone to see your searches, then launch GPEDIT.MSC, go to User Configuration > Administrative Templates > Windows Components > Windows Explorer, double-click “Turn off display of recent search entries…” and click Enabled > OK.

16. Tweak PC volume

By default Windows 7 will now automatically reduce the volume of your PC’s sounds whenever it detects you’re making or receiving PC-based phone calls. If this proves annoying (or maybe you’d like it to turn off other sounds altogether) then you can easily change the settings accordingly. Just right-click the speaker icon in your taskbar, select Sounds > Communications, and tell Windows what you’d like it to do.

Windows 7 Performance and Productivity Tips

1. Find bottlenecks

From what we’ve seen so far Windows 7 is already performing better than Vista, but if your PC seems sluggish then it’s now much easier to uncover the bottleneck. Click Start, type RESMON and press [Enter] to launch the Resource Monitor, then click the CPU, Memory, Disk or Network tabs. Windows 7 will immediately show which processes are hogging the most system resources.

The CPU view is particularly useful, and provides something like a more powerful version of Task Manager. If a program has locked up, for example, then right-click its name in the list and select Analyze Process. Windows will then try to tell you why it’s hanging - the program might be waiting for another process, perhaps - which could give you the information you need to fix the problem.

2. Keyboard shortcuts

Windows 7 supports several useful new keyboard shortcuts.

Alt+P
Display/ hide the Explorer preview pane

Windows Logo+G
Display gadgets in front of other windows

Windows Logo++ (plus key)
Zoom in, where appropriate

Windows Logo+- (minus key)
Zoom out, where appropriate

Windows Logo+Up
Maximise the current window

Windows Logo+Down
Minimise the current window

Windows Logo+Left
Snap to the left hand side of the screen

Windows Logo+Right
Snap to the right hand side of the screen

Windows Logo+Home
Minimise/ restore everything except the current window

3. Faster program launches

If you’ve launched one instance of a program but want to start another, then don’t work your way back through the Start menu. It’s much quicker to just hold down Shift and click on the program’s icon (or middle-click it), and Windows 7 will start a new instance for you.

4. Speedy video access

Want faster access to your Videos folder? Windows 7 now lets you add it to the Start menu. Just right-click the Start orb, click Properties > Start Menu > Customize, and set the Videos option to “Display as a link”. If you’ve a TV tuner that works with Windows 7 then you’ll appreciate the new option to display the Recorded TV folder on the Start menu, too.

5. Run web searches

The Windows 7 search tool can now be easily extended to search online resources, just as long as someone creates an appropriate search connector. To add Flickr support, say, visit I Started Something, click Download the Connector, choose the Open option and watch as it’s downloaded (the file is tiny, it’ll only take a moment). A “Flickr Search” option will be added to your Searches folder, and you’ll be able to search images from your desktop.

6. Schedule Media Centre downloads

You can now tell Windows Media Centre to download data at a specific time, perhaps overnight, a useful way to prevent it sapping your bandwidth for the rest of the day. Launch Media Centre, go to Tasks > Settings > General > Automatic Download Options, and set the download start and stop times that you’d like it to use.

7. Multi-threaded Robocopies

Anyone who’s ever used the excellent command-line robocopy tool will appreciate the new switches introduced with Windows 7. Our favourite, /MT, can improve speed by carrying out multi-threaded copies with the number of threads you specify (you can have up to 128, though that might be going a little too far). Enter robocopy /? at a command line for the full details.

8. Really remove the sidebar

At first glance you might think Windows 7 has got rid of the sidebar, but don’t be fooled. Gadgets are still hosted by the Sidebar.exe process, it’s just that this is now launched automatically when Windows boots. If you don’t plan on ever using gadgets then you could delete the Sidebar Registry entry at HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run, and recover a small amount of RAM. That might be a little risky, though, as we’re not quite sure what else the sidebar process does in Windows 7. The safest approach is to disable it temporarily by launching MSCONFIG.EXE, clicking the Startup tab and clearing the box next to the Startup entry. Now reboot and test Windows 7 for a day or two to confirm everything is still working, before finally deleting the sidebar Registry entry.

9. Load IE faster

Some Internet Explorer add-ons can take a while to start, dragging down the browser’s performance, but at least IE8 can now point a finger at the worst resource hogs. Click Tools > Manage Add-ons, check the Load Time in the right-hand column, and you’ll immediately see which browser extensions are slowing you down.

10. An Alt+Tab alternative

You want to access one of the five Explorer windows you have open, but there are so many other programs running that Alt+Tab makes it hard to pick out what you need. The solution? Hold down the Ctrl key while you click on the Explorer icon. Windows 7 will then cycle through the Explorer windows only, a much quicker way to locate the right one. (And of course this works with any application that has multiple windows open.)

11. Block annoying alerts

Just like Vista, Windows 7 will display a suitably stern warning if it thinks your antivirus, firewall or other security settings are incorrect.

But unlike Vista, if you disagree then you can now turn off alerts on individual topics. If you no longer want to see warnings just because you’ve dared to turn off the Windows firewall, say, then click Control Panel > System and Security > Action Centre > Change Action Centre settings, clear the Network Firewall box and click OK.

12. Parallel defrags

The standard Windows 7 defragger offers a little more control than we saw in Vista, and the command line version also has some interesting new features. The /r switch will defrag multiple drives in parallel, for instance (they’ll obviously need to be physically separate drives for this to be useful). The /h switch runs the defrag at a higher than normal priority, and the /u switch provides regular progress reports so you can see exactly what’s going on. Enter the command

defrag /c /h /u /r

in a command window to speedily defrag a system with multiple drives, or enter defrag /? to view the new options for yourself.

Windows 7 Search Connectors

One of the features of Windows 7 is their Federated Search, which allows you to search online websites and databases inside Windows Explorer, a local mashup of the Internet and your computer. Channel 10 has posted some great information and connectors you can use to search sites like Microsoft’s support section, flickr and more.

Here is a post on Channel 10 on How to Install & Use Search Connectors in Windows 7 and it includes links to a twitter connector, a friendfeed connector, this zip includes search connectors for Amazon’s full catalog, eBay, PriceGrabber, Coupons and Discounts, Online Shopping, The Geeks Social Network, and Lockergnome, and a link to Redmon Pie’s connector pack. They are painfully easy to use, install and search from any Windows Explorer window. That’s it!

Create your own using a simple OSDX file, an example of the code is posted here.

All you have to do is put in your RSS search feed url and double click and you are searching it in Explorer. This post has a connector to allow you to search support.microsoft.com, download it here and this post has a link to a flickr search connector, dowload it .